Dr. Olivia MitchellRao, James2023-05-232023-05-232020-01-012020-09-20https://repository.upenn.edu/handle/20.500.14332/47024This paper seeks to explore how families with special-needs children conduct long-term wealth and retirement planning in two different cultures: the United States and Singapore. While previous papers discuss early childhood education for those with special-needs or housing wealth separately in Singapore, there is a gap in addressing the intersectionality of these issues within such families. The main method of research was secondary, understanding various legislative efforts via online resources; when opportunities were possible, primary research was conducted in the form of interviews (some off-the-record) with various stakeholders. Overall, this paper finds that the government in the United States plays a larger role in providing financial flexibility to these families than in Singapore, where long-term solutions are funded privately until no longer feasible.caregiversdisabilityintellectual and development disabilityhealthcare financinghousinglong-term careBusinessBusiness Law, Public Responsibility, and EthicsDisability and Equity in EducationDisability StudiesPublic Affairs, Public Policy and Public AdministrationReal EstateWorking Paper