Weisberg, Michael2023-05-232023-05-232014-12-012017-12-01https://repository.upenn.edu/handle/20.500.14332/42619Proponents of individual-based modeling in ecology claim that their models explain the emergence of population-level behavior. This article argues that individual-based models have not, as yet, provided such explanations. Instead, individual-based models can and do demonstrate and explain the emergence of population-level behaviors from individual behaviors and interactions.© 2014 by Philosophy of Science Association.PhilosophyArticle