George, Edward ILiang, FengXu, Xinyi2023-05-232023-05-232012-01-012016-08-18https://repository.upenn.edu/handle/20.500.14332/47507In a remarkable series of papers beginning in 1956, Charles Stein set the stage for the future development of minimax shrinkage estimators of a multivariate normal mean under quadratic loss. More recently, parallel developments have seen the emergence of minimax shrinkage estimators of multivariate normal predictive densities under Kullback–Leibler risk. We here describe these parallels emphasizing the focus on Bayes procedures and the derivation of the superharmonic conditions for minimaxity as well as further developments of new minimax shrinkage predictive density estimators including multiple shrinkage estimators, empirical Bayes estimators, normal linear model regression estimators and nonparametric regression estimators.asymptotic minimaxityBayesian predictionempirical Bayesinadmissibilitymultiple shrinkageprior distributionssuperharmonic marginalsunbiased estimates of riskStatistics and ProbabilityArticle