Baumard, Nicolas2023-05-222014-12-192012-02-012014-12-19https://repository.upenn.edu/handle/20.500.14332/34744Strong reciprocity theorists claim that punishment has evolved to promote the good of the group and to deter cheating. By contrast, weak reciprocity suggests that punishment aims to restore justice (i.e., reciprocity) between the criminal and his victim. Experimental evidences as well as field observations suggest that humans punish criminals to restore fairness rather than to support group cooperationCopyright © Cambridge University PressCriminology and Criminal JusticePsychologySocial Psychology and InteractionArticle