Lee, InsupSokolsky, OlegChen, SanjianHatcliff, JohnJee, EunkyoungKim, BaekGyuKing, AndrewMullen-Fortino, MargaretPark, SoojinRoederer, AlexanderVenkatasubramanian, Krishna2023-05-222023-05-222012-01-012012-03-12https://repository.upenn.edu/handle/20.500.14332/6543Medical cyber-physical systems (MCPS) are lifecritical, context-aware, networked systems of medical devices. These systems are increasingly used in hospitals to provide highquality continuous care for patients. The need to design complex MCPS that are both safe and effective has presented numerous challenges, including achieving high assurance in system software, intoperability, context-aware intelligence, autonomy, security and privacy, and device certifiability. In this paper, we discuss these challenges in developing MCPS, some of our work in addressing them, and several open research issues© 2011 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.CPS Medicalcyber-physical systemsmodel-based designmedical device systemsclosed-loop physiological controldesign challengesComputer SciencesArticle