Messaris, Paul
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Publication Image vs. Reality in Korean-American's Responses to Mass-Mediated Depictions of the United States(1991) Messaris, Paul; Woo, JisukThis paper presents findings from a series interviews with Korean-American residents of Philadelphia. These interviews dealt with the informants pre-immigration experiences with images of the United States in movies, television programs, and magazines. The interviewees were asked to evaluate the role of these images in their decisions to immigrate and about their post-immigration responses to the relationship between these images and the reality of life in the United States. The analysis presented here focuses on ways in which reactions to the images might have been shaped by economic constraints and by values developed through formal education.Publication TV-Related Mother-Child Interaction and Children's Perceptions of TV Characters(1984) Messaris, Paul; Kerr, DennisHow does a parent’s or other adult’s involvement in a child’s TV viewing influence that child's responses to television? Much of the evidence on this question comes from experimental research. It has been shown that adult commentary can inhibit or intensify children’s imitative responses to a visual medium; that mothers’ comments can counteract children’s tendencies to follow the dictates of a TV commercial; and that adult commentary can enhance children’s comprehension of a TV program, as well as their retention of information and values presented on TV. Furthermore, studies in which mothers were merely encouraged to sit with their children (with no specific instructions as to what to say to them) while they were watching television have indicated that children learn more from the medium under such circumstances.Publication Perceptual Bases of Visual Literacy(1993) Messaris, PaulPublication Visual Literacy and Visual Culture(1995) Messaris, PaulPublication What’s Visual about “Visual Rhetoric”?(2009-05-01) Messaris, PaulPublication Family Conversations About Television(1983-06-01) Messaris, PaulThis is an examination of two kinds of conversations that parents and children sometimes have about television programs: first, conversations in which parents and children seek and/or exchange information about some aspect of reality portrayed or referred to on television; second, conversations in which family members discuss the appropriateness or inappropriateness of behavior shown or mentioned on television as a model for their own or other people's conduct. Examples taken from an observational study of families watching television in their homes are used to illustrate some of the forms these conversations can take, and, on the basis of these illustrations and of some previous research, speculations are offered about the role such conversations might play in family members' developing relationships to one another and to the “outside” world.Publication Parents, Children, and Television(1986) Messaris, PaulThis essay, like many others, is concerned with the effects of television on children, but what is different is the consideration of the role of parent within child-medium interaction. Paul Messaris deals with some intriguing issues such as the role of television in shaping our perceptions of reality and the role of parents in shaping our perceptions of television reality. Think of your early childhood experiences with this medium. How did you learn to distinguish the make-believe from the real, the commercial from the program, the drama from the news? Can you remember at what age? Are you still sometimes unsure? Did your parents use television characters and situations to teach you about the "real" world? Professor Messaris tells us the answers given by mothers to these and similar questions.Publication How to Make Money From Subliminal Advertising and Motivation Research(2013-01-01) Messaris, PaulThe news media began to report and editorialize about subliminal advertising in 1957, in response to events that are recounted in detail in Swift Viewing: The Popular Life of Subliminal Viewing, Charles Acland’s (2012) excellent history of the idea of subliminal influence (p. 91ff). Those events have been described by several previous writers, but one of the many virtues of Acland’s book is that he gives us the most carefully documented account to date.Publication Introduction to Part I: Theoretical Bases for Communicative and Visual Arts Teaching(1997) Messaris, PaulPublication On the Consequences of Television-Related Parent-Child Interaction(1981-04-01) Messaris, Paul; Sarett, CarlaThis is a theoretical examination of certain ways in which a child's development may be affected by parent-child interactions in which the content of television programming appears as an explicit referent, i.e., as the topic of a verbal exchange, as the premise for a game, and so forth. The discussion deals with four areas of development, viz.: (1) the child's interpretational skills with regard to the television medium; (2) the child's repertory of cognitive categories regarding the real world; (3) the child's behavioral repertory, including both verbal and nonverbal items; and (4) the child's social relation¬ships. The paper concludes with a discussion of certain methodological issues involved in the empirical examination of these matters.
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